tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-23338313291496182002024-03-12T15:59:23.360-07:00Keep Cats Safely Contained END Release ProgramsJerry L. Tuttlehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18164285154095299356noreply@blogger.comBlogger1125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2333831329149618200.post-11145047513965094092015-02-15T02:56:00.001-08:002015-03-30T08:41:03.815-07:00<h3 class="post-title entry-title" style="text-align: center;">
<a href="http://zoocrewkids.blogspot.com/2012/09/keep-cats-contained-end-wild-release-of.html">Keep Cats Contained- End Release of Cats</a>
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<span style="font-size: large;"> <span style="font-size: small;"><b>Keep them safe.</b> <b><u>End</u> Release of</b></span></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: small;"> cats to the wild. </span></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: small;">•Protect Humans •Protect Wildlife</span></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: small;">•Protect our Pets •Protect Cats </span></span></b><br />
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<span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><u><b><b>Keep Cats Safely Contained---</b></b></u><b><b> >><u> </u></b></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b><b><u>Releasing Cats Does Not Work</u></b></b></span></div>
<span style="font-size: small;">"How can veterinarians, with a science education, neglect a very basic
tenet of population biology. A population increases with an increased
carrying capacity (feeding unneutered feral cats increases populations).
A population will not be reduced unless you neuter 75% ANNUALLY or
remove 50% ANNUALLY.</span>
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TNR programs do not reach more
than 10% therefore they do NOTHING to reduce a population. That's
nothing....not 'every little bit helps', NOTHING. The intact 90% make up
for any reductions achieved by neutering 10%. So, please don't believe
TNR reduces populations. TNR makes people feel better about what they
really want to do.... feed feral cats outside."<br />(Wildlife Biologist)</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYqGHBeKkl0hvkcMk67cZ8ZCHhayqJPgZj6Xi09BqbwycPW3i8BVQMnnPxzBLFT2KYiJ-AeZH1-0PXxQUPnrpTATCMiKKU6xAlCfedb3JoN2WTSogT0JCHC5tTeBl7cGu7p38pr3iIRSm8/s1600/130708_cat_bird_L.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYqGHBeKkl0hvkcMk67cZ8ZCHhayqJPgZj6Xi09BqbwycPW3i8BVQMnnPxzBLFT2KYiJ-AeZH1-0PXxQUPnrpTATCMiKKU6xAlCfedb3JoN2WTSogT0JCHC5tTeBl7cGu7p38pr3iIRSm8/s1600/130708_cat_bird_L.jpg" height="212" width="320" /></a></div>
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<b><span style="font-size: small;">Cat colonies produce hyper-predation.... not enough food for native species </span></b><b><span style="font-size: small;">forcing </span></b><br />
<b><span style="font-size: small;">coyotes and other predators into cities.</span></b><br />
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<b><span class="_5yl5" data-reactid=".22.$mid=11402091841075=252ec2a22b5ccd79197.2:0.0.0.0.0" style="font-size: small;"><span class="null">"Other
serious problems with TNR: </span></span></b><br />
<span class="_5yl5" data-reactid=".22.$mid=11402091841075=252ec2a22b5ccd79197.2:0.0.0.0.0" style="font-size: small;"><span class="null"><b>Food put outside for feral cats attracts </b></span></span><br />
<span class="_5yl5" data-reactid=".22.$mid=11402091841075=252ec2a22b5ccd79197.2:0.0.0.0.0" style="font-size: small;"><span class="null"><b><span class="_5yl5" data-reactid=".22.$mid=11402091841075=252ec2a22b5ccd79197.2:0.0.0.0.0" style="font-size: small;"><span class="null">Coyote, raccoon, skunk, cougar and bears </span></span><br /><span class="_5yl5" data-reactid=".22.$mid=11402091841075=252ec2a22b5ccd79197.2:0.0.0.0.0" style="font-size: small;"><span class="null">to urban
neighborhoods." </span></span></b></span></span><br />
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<span class="_5yl5" data-reactid=".22.$mid=11402091841075=252ec2a22b5ccd79197.2:0.0.0.0.0" style="font-size: small;"><span class="null"><i>(US Department of the Interior; US Fish and Wildlife</i>)</span></span><span style="font-size: small;"> </span><br />
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<span class="_5yl5" data-reactid=".22.$mid=11402091841075=252ec2a22b5ccd79197.2:0.0.0.0.0" style="font-size: small;"><span class="null"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEghIiEGxdrwZsLvzo5uKzLlvny3ZCgbet4SDMKpYAtQTF2sB6ZNx5RtQQ-Xqff2MgVrLxPR7jaxKMv950scxD9vG_A8arLkIw_h65PvnU-07PWobECdRetk-Qk3CsYmdpWBTPJj_QjE_lqs/s1600/Coyote.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEghIiEGxdrwZsLvzo5uKzLlvny3ZCgbet4SDMKpYAtQTF2sB6ZNx5RtQQ-Xqff2MgVrLxPR7jaxKMv950scxD9vG_A8arLkIw_h65PvnU-07PWobECdRetk-Qk3CsYmdpWBTPJj_QjE_lqs/s1600/Coyote.jpg" height="240" width="320" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEghIiEGxdrwZsLvzo5uKzLlvny3ZCgbet4SDMKpYAtQTF2sB6ZNx5RtQQ-Xqff2MgVrLxPR7jaxKMv950scxD9vG_A8arLkIw_h65PvnU-07PWobECdRetk-Qk3CsYmdpWBTPJj_QjE_lqs/s1600/Coyote.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"> </a></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>...and
then the cougar or black bear pay the price as do tax-payers when Game
& Fish get tasked with finding and removing the animals.</i></span></span></span><br />
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<ol><span style="font-size: small;"><u><b>US Centers for Disease Control</b></u> report <u><b>2 out the 5 most prevalent diseases</b></u> spread to humans are caused by feral cats, These are <b>toxoplasmosis</b> and <b>toxocariosis</b>
and both are spread through fecal material in our public and private
sandboxes, gardens, parks, transmitted to our indoor pets and to our
families. Both are very bad.</span></ol>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><u><b>DANGERS TO HUMANS</b></u></span></div>
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Diseases carried by animals that people can catch
are called zoonotic diseases. Some of these types of infections can be
passed from pet cats to the people who own them. Fortunately, avoiding
cat-borne disease is fairly easy when simple precautions are taken.<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEixevKRIpTWPl77hExnucASMXIXCngd1zkor1l40fXpDX103IV5I65034vy1GrXmdAolqWWhSt9yPWmrZaXUqDuvF9zjf_HoIcwplwrK7lTnSQ-1EQBkhvP3Qog0qT6x1m4dUbMXCefKg2g/s1600/10475525_430619873753088_8450292491369350283_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEixevKRIpTWPl77hExnucASMXIXCngd1zkor1l40fXpDX103IV5I65034vy1GrXmdAolqWWhSt9yPWmrZaXUqDuvF9zjf_HoIcwplwrK7lTnSQ-1EQBkhvP3Qog0qT6x1m4dUbMXCefKg2g/s1600/10475525_430619873753088_8450292491369350283_n.jpg" height="320" width="239" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>Public Playgrounds, children's sandboxes, gardens are all vectors</b></td></tr>
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<b><span style="font-size: small;"><u>Sarcosporidios:</u></span> </b><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOakeYjcY3IdI3BTFiHC6TONH2vbqUA9Ajy8w6MGcpwS5ZYZwX-Y4KAwpTbwKTAUug_rCascChStvZe_RFn_-n3faC9mdFUY92NtLex1PcAJuQKJ97kyA46Pt8miqKU_7Sj_O37U0hvZVA/s1600/coccidia-37-638.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOakeYjcY3IdI3BTFiHC6TONH2vbqUA9Ajy8w6MGcpwS5ZYZwX-Y4KAwpTbwKTAUug_rCascChStvZe_RFn_-n3faC9mdFUY92NtLex1PcAJuQKJ97kyA46Pt8miqKU_7Sj_O37U0hvZVA/s1600/coccidia-37-638.jpg" height="240" width="320" /></a></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEinHFqUmUMU1gEAn0M4lXPWF78FvJq8gDzmEhLFNHYnOpyUAZhd9Vi3v0j36W0i8aX6u8I9a_7O840o1KmgRph1KdIOJ355BW-8vEvKlowQJe_rTHKyg7hwB81D0beH_XQvFogrrQtAq1uu/s1600/sarcocys_19482_7.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEinHFqUmUMU1gEAn0M4lXPWF78FvJq8gDzmEhLFNHYnOpyUAZhd9Vi3v0j36W0i8aX6u8I9a_7O840o1KmgRph1KdIOJ355BW-8vEvKlowQJe_rTHKyg7hwB81D0beH_XQvFogrrQtAq1uu/s1600/sarcocys_19482_7.jpg" height="180" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>Sarcosporidiosi in striated muscle tissue</b></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>Sarcosporidiosis in a pig's heart</b></td></tr>
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<h2 class="header">
<span data-dmc="section-headline">Types</span></h2>
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While many of the diseases cats have and carry
cannot infect people, some types do cross the species barrier. A scratch
or bite even by a cat that shows no symptoms can transmit the
bacteria-caused infection cat scratch disease (<b>Bartonella</b>) to humans. Another
bacterial infection people can get from their cats is <b>salmonella</b>.
<b>Toxoplasmosis, sarcosporidiosis, cryptosporidiosis</b> and <b>giardiasis </b>are all protozoans that
can infect both cats and humans and may be passed from one to the other.
Fungal infections such as <b>ringworm</b> and intestinal parasites like
roundworm or hookworm may also be passed from cats to people. A bite
from an infected cat easily transmits the virus rabies.<br />
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<b>Bartonella: </b><br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhmFmCZ_71Cxg417q_C9M44AYLcldcmcBjlK_FK5nsIsCxGa2otgGMnj5gPKPWaW_MNjko7XEb6sjxdqvbi04Nm6ejf-EsH_QMBuCzdQngoxFRursT-x-9ocqZHX531dqdsGGuL3iekGaPt/s1600/1834389.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhmFmCZ_71Cxg417q_C9M44AYLcldcmcBjlK_FK5nsIsCxGa2otgGMnj5gPKPWaW_MNjko7XEb6sjxdqvbi04Nm6ejf-EsH_QMBuCzdQngoxFRursT-x-9ocqZHX531dqdsGGuL3iekGaPt/s1600/1834389.png" height="288" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>Bartonella caused by a cat scratch under the infant's arm</b></td></tr>
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<span style="font-size: small;">Where people do not feed feral cats, feral
learn to follow raccoons to garbage cans -eat what the raccoons dumps
from garbage cans. Feral cats can transmit <b>ringworm</b> from this
contact.</span><br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTSD4uunfgN3mr_0SRS_DKfa3DOwbq3lga3YseQwGL7evmtAepY2TRjkdrtUoeWd5lA9qE_ODpmtzz38w_SNyRC2K7-rd0GYAWerKTs_KyaSK-xjPXjlIN2yvJZIjm-TiYs18Ho2xZHC-9/s1600/1303805964.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTSD4uunfgN3mr_0SRS_DKfa3DOwbq3lga3YseQwGL7evmtAepY2TRjkdrtUoeWd5lA9qE_ODpmtzz38w_SNyRC2K7-rd0GYAWerKTs_KyaSK-xjPXjlIN2yvJZIjm-TiYs18Ho2xZHC-9/s1600/1303805964.jpg" height="298" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Ringworm</b> </span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</section><br />
<h2 class="header">
<span data-dmc="section-headline"><b>cryptosporidiosis: <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizTU0VhXwxEdkZsLJKGslMtMZjxW4yvEy9ShyFgDrtR03WgWK2HKek_UimVSDNPT7x_BEp9ZIR5l0EWLjo7z5zBYpEt_rVlSVo1gfxiJ74Y_a7SgGxaFD7wC-REzRCemLlebQPokO5CGuv/s1600/crypto1355018879472.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizTU0VhXwxEdkZsLJKGslMtMZjxW4yvEy9ShyFgDrtR03WgWK2HKek_UimVSDNPT7x_BEp9ZIR5l0EWLjo7z5zBYpEt_rVlSVo1gfxiJ74Y_a7SgGxaFD7wC-REzRCemLlebQPokO5CGuv/s1600/crypto1355018879472.png" height="212" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>Cryptosporidiosis</b></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</b></span></h2>
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<div class="node">
Cryptosporidiosis (krip-to-spo-rid-e-O-sis), often called "crypto,"
is a disease caused by a one-celled parasite, <i>Cryptosporidium parvum,</i>
also known as "crypto." Crypto, which cannot be seen without a very
powerful microscope, is so small that over 10,000 of them would fit on the
period at the end of this sentence.</div>
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="1"> </a>
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<h3>
What Are the Symptoms of Crypto? </h3>
<div align="justify" class="node">
<span style="font-size: small;">Although sometimes persons infected with
crypto do not get sick, when they do get sick they can have watery diarrhea,
stomach cramps, an upset stomach, or a slight fever. In some cases, persons
infected with crypto can have severe diarrhea and lose weight. The first
symptoms of crypto may appear 2 to 10 days after a person becomes
infected. Crypto can be fatal in immuno-compromised individuals.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"> </span>
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<h2 class="header">
<b><span style="font-weight: normal;">
<span data-dmc="section-headline">Susceptibility </span></span></b></h2>
<div data-dmc="section">
Some people are more susceptible to catching
diseases from cats than others. People with compromised immune systems
from existing diseases or disorders such as AIDS or cancer may catch
diseases from cats more easily. Children under five are also more
susceptible to these diseases, because their immune systems are not yet
fully developed.<br />
<h2 class="header">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span data-dmc="section-headline">Prevention</span></span></h2>
<div data-dmc="section">
Preventing cat-borne diseases in humans is fairly
easy. According to the American Academy of Family Physicians, washing
hands after touching or cleaning up cat feces can help prevent some
diseases. Cat owners should also avoid oral contact with the cat, such
as kissing the cat or allowing the cat to lick a person's face. Avoiding
cat scratches or bites and washing the area thoroughly if a scratch or
bite should occur may prevent infection. Regular vaccinations of the cat
are also important in preventing disease in both pet and owner.</div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><u><b> What is toxocariosis?</b></u></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;">Toxocariasis is an infection
transmitted from animals to humans (zoonosis) caused by the parasitic
roundworms commonly found in the intestine of dogs (<i>Toxocara canis</i>) and cats (<i>T. cati</i>).</span><br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgZaa9ac0t_YK5Q-m44iS84UVZbF-iSQcMUNgmL0ZQ5nWJNcNKwvcQpYSC6XGXmiJFUUFzFUhHXZXomRCMHD_A_GoRYUtBctJW5fZFpIvcAiDe76Mx83W465eqd8qUhs0_UvbItpFtJowoM/s1600/Toxocariasis-.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgZaa9ac0t_YK5Q-m44iS84UVZbF-iSQcMUNgmL0ZQ5nWJNcNKwvcQpYSC6XGXmiJFUUFzFUhHXZXomRCMHD_A_GoRYUtBctJW5fZFpIvcAiDe76Mx83W465eqd8qUhs0_UvbItpFtJowoM/s1600/Toxocariasis-.jpg" height="228" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><u><b>Toxocariosis worms</b></u></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: large;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><u>Who is at risk for toxocariasis?</u></span></span></h4>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: small;">Anyone can become infected with <i>Toxocara.</i>
Young children and owners of dogs or cats have a higher chance of
becoming infected. Approximately 13.9% of the U.S. population has
antibodies to <i>Toxocara</i>. This suggests that tens of millions of Americans may have been exposed to the <i>Toxocara</i> parasite.</span></div>
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><u>How can I get toxocariasis?</u> </span></h4>
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: small;">Cats that are infected with <span style="font-weight: normal;"><i>Toxocara</i> can shed <i>Toxocara</i>
eggs in their feces. You or your children can become infected by
accidentally swallowing dirt that has been contaminated with dog or cat
feces that contain infectious <i>Toxocara</i> eggs. Although it is rare, people can also become infected from eating undercooked meat containing <i>Toxocara</i> larvae.</span></span></h4>
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><u>What are the clinical manifestations of toxocariasis?</u></span></h4>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: small;">Many
people who are infected with Toxocara do not have symptoms and do not
ever get sick. Some people may get sick from the infection, and may
develop:</span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg9gFqkd4lTDjPACjvTskXgMlPIFo3lA1x08A3uAjYQKBuxTXN_ka579ti8929DCnhVsmQCD_hZzxI6DBS6kabKDo10cVlgDiXYVV2eJXfv0Y3dB7PDvk1-iKljyG-qQzUohLVyQ8-VyWNt/s1600/1162676571077_low.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg9gFqkd4lTDjPACjvTskXgMlPIFo3lA1x08A3uAjYQKBuxTXN_ka579ti8929DCnhVsmQCD_hZzxI6DBS6kabKDo10cVlgDiXYVV2eJXfv0Y3dB7PDvk1-iKljyG-qQzUohLVyQ8-VyWNt/s1600/1162676571077_low.jpg" height="213" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><u><b>Toxocariosis worms</b></u></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<ul class="bullet-list nolines list-indent" style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;">
<li><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Ocular toxocariasis:</b> Ocular toxocariasis occurs when <i>Toxocara</i>
larvae migrate to the eye. Symptoms and signs of ocular toxocariasis
include vision loss, eye inflammation or damage to the retina.
Typically, only one eye is affected.</span></li>
<span style="font-size: small;"> </span></span><span style="font-size: large;"> <br />
<li><b>Visceral toxocariasis:</b><span style="font-size: small;"> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiK7S_fast-1hjpF0DYQa7Ud5WGoWHMpIXlRUv_YWyHw6SBLo53RwicFmHN6E77YTlblnjJpoFNAf21qghvW58-LoKoLUEF7gnwQgxsc7Tx7AokqkNP-nh3hfy4O5tIvOtG93ANB4-Ae-YN/s1600/toxocariasis_342x198_C0115124.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiK7S_fast-1hjpF0DYQa7Ud5WGoWHMpIXlRUv_YWyHw6SBLo53RwicFmHN6E77YTlblnjJpoFNAf21qghvW58-LoKoLUEF7gnwQgxsc7Tx7AokqkNP-nh3hfy4O5tIvOtG93ANB4-Ae-YN/s1600/toxocariasis_342x198_C0115124.jpg" height="185" width="320" /></a></div>
</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: small;">Visceral toxocariasis occurs when </span><i>Toxocara</i><span style="font-size: small;">
larvae migrate to various body organs, such as the liver or central
nervous system. Symptoms of visceral toxocariasis include fever,
fatigue, coughing, wheezing, abdominal pain. <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
</span></li>
<span style="font-size: small;">
</span></span></ul>
<h4 class="list-leadOut" style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><u>How serious is infection with <i>Toxocara</i>?</u></span></h4>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: small;">In most cases, <i>Toxocara</i>
infections are not serious, and many people, especially adults infected
by a small number of larvae (immature worms), may not notice any
symptoms. The most severe cases are rare, but are more likely to occur
in young children, who often play in dirt, or eat dirt (pica)
contaminated by dog or cat feces.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span><b> </b><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0R02f4W8LfdF3qCpuQR2fscZ5yyp4WDULRhJbu6CHT6XlLrJw8rZnbPpfC4s04T8RqOlQ-zuwp0xAjXKUnMmsiNthMgiXIixvo2IsmBS0GuAtrY76cAMasrescWDkzUOBpLqQ3fFtTRmR/s1600/590055-fig2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0R02f4W8LfdF3qCpuQR2fscZ5yyp4WDULRhJbu6CHT6XlLrJw8rZnbPpfC4s04T8RqOlQ-zuwp0xAjXKUnMmsiNthMgiXIixvo2IsmBS0GuAtrY76cAMasrescWDkzUOBpLqQ3fFtTRmR/s1600/590055-fig2.jpg" height="177" width="200" /></a></div>
<b>Ocular toxocariasis:</b> According to the American Center for Disease Control, Ocular Toxocariasis occurs <i>Toxocara</i>
larvae migrate to the eye. Symptoms and signs of ocular toxocariasis
include vision loss, eye inflammation or damage to the retina.
Typically, only one eye is affected.<br />
<span style="font-size: small;"></span><br />
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</div>
<span style="font-size: small;">
</span>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-size: small;"><u>How is toxocariasis spread?</u></span></b></div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: small;">A common <i>Toxocara</i> parasite of concern to humans is <i>T. canis</i>,
which kittens usually contract from the mother before birth or from her
milk. The larvae mature rapidly in the kitten's intestine; when the cat
is 3 or 4 weeks old, they begin to produce large numbers of eggs that
contaminate the environment through the animal's feces. Over a 2 to 4
week time period, infective larvae develop in the eggs. Toxocariasis is
not spread by person-to-person contact like a cold or the flu.</span></div>
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><u>What should I do if I think I have toxocariasis?</u></span></h4>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: small;">See
your health care provider to discuss the possibility of infection and,
if necessary, to be examined. Your provider may take a sample of your
blood for testing.</span></div>
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><u>What is the treatment for toxocariasis?</u></span></h4>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: small;">Visceral
toxocariasis is treated with anti-parasitic drugs. Treatment of ocular
toxocariasis is more difficult and usually consists of measures to
prevent progressive damage to the eye.</span></div>
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><u>How do I prevent toxocariasis?</u></span></h4>
<ul class="bullet-list nolines list-indent" style="text-align: left;">
<li><u>Teach children that it is dangerous to eat dirt or soil.</u></li>
<li><u> Do not allow children to play in areas that are soiled with pet or other animal feces.</u></li>
<li><u> </u>Take
your pets to the veterinarian to prevent infection with Toxocara. Your
veterinarian can recommend a testing and treatment plan for deworming.</li>
<li>Wash
your hands with soap and water after playing with your pets or other
animals, after outdoor activities, and before handling food.</li>
<li>Teach children the importance of washing hands to prevent infection.</li>
<li>Clean
your pet's living area at least once a week. Feces should be either
buried or bagged and disposed of in the trash. Wash your hands after
handling pet waste.</li>
</ul>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-size: x-large;"><u>Toxoplasmosis</u></span></b><br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKvExog0q39891bwLY8hO7-FsR8zhw3Nwk8Y1z288-eOLT4Hm20yvav5FeqWkqT2A_zrSitTf06RQ93aOVgbTIsAl6-o3_XjUSDovHR-8iKCw7IkBWfvMOrkFWmUbCuUDomahUZi_FqTH9/s1600/Toxoplasmosis_LifeCycle.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKvExog0q39891bwLY8hO7-FsR8zhw3Nwk8Y1z288-eOLT4Hm20yvav5FeqWkqT2A_zrSitTf06RQ93aOVgbTIsAl6-o3_XjUSDovHR-8iKCw7IkBWfvMOrkFWmUbCuUDomahUZi_FqTH9/s1600/Toxoplasmosis_LifeCycle.jpg" height="320" width="243" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
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<div style="text-align: center;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<u><span style="font-size: large;"><b>Cutaneous Toxoplasmosis</b></span></u><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjESDefxd913z0PnAyjqThY3SwbC-ReGyJ-4-8gwKYjc1tVtWxvkv0m50iVSO0uc3ueJEzXnGYLPJpvHxJCZaYTD0jR_qG04nGsHShbbx5w5WK8tNxkhKTww2A1GvszeawhdhKNcK-Kq_6O/s1600/Cutaneous_Toxoplasmosis.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjESDefxd913z0PnAyjqThY3SwbC-ReGyJ-4-8gwKYjc1tVtWxvkv0m50iVSO0uc3ueJEzXnGYLPJpvHxJCZaYTD0jR_qG04nGsHShbbx5w5WK8tNxkhKTww2A1GvszeawhdhKNcK-Kq_6O/s1600/Cutaneous_Toxoplasmosis.jpg" height="320" width="268" /></a></div>
<br /></div>
<br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><u><b>FETAL TOXOPLASMOSIS</b></u></span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVBZXVkZ3MTVdaQvtg7DUtZ-loyazdoxVOFNSrKnaqSkRZlxFaOGXr6Iyamy6EL1IqFAWI0OcUjpjfQ76mMuWFfWn1HpskY3Fy156kjghaIJFuEKk4GWJMOBeBJGazgnbM6ancifmDeVq1/s1600/toxoplasmosis1358640082797.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVBZXVkZ3MTVdaQvtg7DUtZ-loyazdoxVOFNSrKnaqSkRZlxFaOGXr6Iyamy6EL1IqFAWI0OcUjpjfQ76mMuWFfWn1HpskY3Fy156kjghaIJFuEKk4GWJMOBeBJGazgnbM6ancifmDeVq1/s1600/toxoplasmosis1358640082797.png" height="320" width="309" /></a></div>
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><u><b>TOXOPLASMOSIS</b></u> <span style="font-size: small;">which can result in a pregnant mother's death or
spontaneous abortion/birth defects, such as paranoid schizophrenia, autism, and can be fatal in immuno-compromised humans. </span></span></span></span></span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh76xPG0bp99hjyMuZ5ryUP9j2-rQaYcs27_ghDOS7fQeMtFFGMU7gp90rr5wbaa0e-aHv9t2qEFpspGEItflWcZymFjD-xmTVJCriG1XoyNgdRGQd6rCDrthCZ9DINnPDuZvXugPHtVvh6/s1600/Consequences-of-toxoplasmosis-470x200.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh76xPG0bp99hjyMuZ5ryUP9j2-rQaYcs27_ghDOS7fQeMtFFGMU7gp90rr5wbaa0e-aHv9t2qEFpspGEItflWcZymFjD-xmTVJCriG1XoyNgdRGQd6rCDrthCZ9DINnPDuZvXugPHtVvh6/s1600/Consequences-of-toxoplasmosis-470x200.jpg" height="136" width="320" /></a></div>
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<ol style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="color: red; font-size: x-small;"><b><b><b><b><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: white;"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gjJ8WAMpVdw%3Cbr%3E"></a><br /></span></span></b></b></b></b></span><span style="color: red; font-size: x-small;"><b><b><b><b> </b></b></b></b></span></span></span></span></span></ol>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><u>If you are pregnant do NOT</u> handle cat feces, change litter box, garden in areas where cats may have been.
</span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgUFbBvyF3fGHOy2uABWgliFlLgILE_GnO6-KIdVYBDRzb-CiAIhLXfaF4f_7xAf6QND93_yNxC51nn6sg6AY0a_C-79tIVFqpmuBQ8I1jKAKdEezdyGp8baVLug5VHn4mVZUDi6AWIQL4a/s1600/670px-Avoid-Toxoplasmosis-During-Pregnancy-Step-3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgUFbBvyF3fGHOy2uABWgliFlLgILE_GnO6-KIdVYBDRzb-CiAIhLXfaF4f_7xAf6QND93_yNxC51nn6sg6AY0a_C-79tIVFqpmuBQ8I1jKAKdEezdyGp8baVLug5VHn4mVZUDi6AWIQL4a/s1600/670px-Avoid-Toxoplasmosis-During-Pregnancy-Step-3.jpg" height="240" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<br />
<b><span style="font-weight: normal;">Teach children that it is dangerous to eat dirt or soil.</span></b><br />
<br />
<li>Take
your pets to the veterinarian to test for toxoplasmosis. Your
veterinarian can recommend a testing and treatment plan.</li>
<br />
<ul class="bullet-list nolines list-indent" style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="font-size: small;">Wash
your hands with soap and water after playing with your pets or other
animals, after outdoor activities, and before handling food.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: small;">Teach children the importance of washing hands to prevent infection.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: small;">Clean
your pet's living area at least once a week. Feces should be bagged and disposed of in the trash. Wash your hands after
handling pet waste.</span></li>
</ul>
<b><span style="font-size: large;">Tularemia</span></b><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiT6EC66nciLMYwze2vxibaYLZm8hXfdBd6zLeDqpCaSDTNeA25LmSwZtCgXTHPXJtGtK_cgvjx35kP7xiGGqLbyqPKL-RwOFo3V4ZuxjEFyjQ6uaQ1HxCJq0QKVFZgQJ-m3mZhjH1CzJpK/s1600/tularemia5.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiT6EC66nciLMYwze2vxibaYLZm8hXfdBd6zLeDqpCaSDTNeA25LmSwZtCgXTHPXJtGtK_cgvjx35kP7xiGGqLbyqPKL-RwOFo3V4ZuxjEFyjQ6uaQ1HxCJq0QKVFZgQJ-m3mZhjH1CzJpK/s1600/tularemia5.jpg" height="320" width="269" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><u><b>Tularemia </b></u></span></td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
<u><span style="font-size: large;"><b><br /></b></span></u>
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><u><b>BUBONIC PLAGUE</b> </u></span><br />
The parasitic <span class="glossify_term hovertip_target">genus</span> <i>Yersinia pestis </i>causes
the bacterial disease referred to as plague. This condition occurs
worldwide. In the United States, it is predominantly found in the
southwest between the months of May and October. Carriers of this
disease include rats, squirrels and mice; the disease is typically
transmitted when a rodent either bites, or is bitten by a cat.<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgIViALloUP8YIrqr9BDTvL13gLLiLmnSqyMu0ITx0cUvdXTq-C56HxGhNVvNtucEC9_YFtFaLUw-oLSZjsQRhbiSGgkhIvHS_R2XzgXkyLGmZiBSJtWtPPRztWJQ8p3xiltoxi-hRD-UAe/s1600/bubonic-plague-alert.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgIViALloUP8YIrqr9BDTvL13gLLiLmnSqyMu0ITx0cUvdXTq-C56HxGhNVvNtucEC9_YFtFaLUw-oLSZjsQRhbiSGgkhIvHS_R2XzgXkyLGmZiBSJtWtPPRztWJQ8p3xiltoxi-hRD-UAe/s1600/bubonic-plague-alert.png" height="234" width="320" /></a><br />
The infection travels rapidly to the <span class="glossify_term hovertip_target">lymph nodes</span>,
where white blood cells are produced. The resulting reaction from the
lymph nodes is a rapid multiplication of white cells, abnormal fluid
build up with swelling, and possible skin breakage. Cats infected with
plague will experience fever, inflammation, and excessive pain due to
the lymph nodes being chronically swollen.<br />
<br />
Outdoor cats are most affected, with males predominating due to their
tendency to roam. However, there are no gender or breed boundaries for
susceptibility to the plague.<br />
<br />
Although it is quite rare, plague is transmittable to humans, and
care should be taken to avoid fleas and body fluids from an animal that
is suspected of being infected with the Yersinia <span class="glossify_term hovertip_target">bacterium</span>.<br />
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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEisiAzD7nUt9Uzwpw_OLLR7yO3hnueva5YgREdizzaMT6ydx5dDinwb6wAgW3llEcP7w2h3zjjOg0LYs37lj-sb4eMF_fSB81iUaYqO3DWWnEMRJAzltKH4HL1HBTsEKz1P4JibNnVKlBrO/s1600/9140669_f248.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEisiAzD7nUt9Uzwpw_OLLR7yO3hnueva5YgREdizzaMT6ydx5dDinwb6wAgW3llEcP7w2h3zjjOg0LYs37lj-sb4eMF_fSB81iUaYqO3DWWnEMRJAzltKH4HL1HBTsEKz1P4JibNnVKlBrO/s1600/9140669_f248.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>Bubonic Plague</b></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
Dogs may also be infected with plague. <br />
<br />
<h3>
Symptoms and Types</h3>
<br />
There are three forms of plague: bubonic plague, pneumonic plague,
and septicemic plague. Symptoms associated with bubonic plague in cats
will include painfully swollen lymph nodes, fever, inflammation,
depression, vomiting, <span class="glossify_term hovertip_target">dehydration</span>,
diarrhea, enlarged tonsils, and anorexia. The head and neck area will
swell considerably, and should the cat survive, its lymph nodes may <span class="glossify_term hovertip_target">abscess</span>
and then rupture and drain. Other symptoms include discharge from the
eyes, mouth ulcers, and a loss of appetite, with visible weight loss
being evident. Coma may follow.<br />
<br />
The normal <span class="glossify_term hovertip_target">incubation</span>
period for bubonic plague is between two and seven days after the cat
has been bitten. In the case of pneumonic plague, a lung infection will
occur; and with septicemic plague, which is rare in cats, the same
symptoms as bubonic plague will appear, along with <span class="glossify_term hovertip_target">systemic</span> infection of the blood.<br />
<h3>
Causes </h3>
</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
The <i>Yersinia </i>bacterium is transmitted to cats when an
infected flea bites them, or when they ingest an infected rodent. It is
more common for a cat to become infected after eating a rodent than it
is for the cat to acquire this disease through a fleabite.<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5w4CK_TX9R_4BkIxW_46pcFEGRO2A45gSRpHJPPhmB4pKsjfXLcglCZp1Ke8KyGU0PC41BkpeKXAvZRVHfvFTjKPPuK6spSvBvjbRrBHTnt7anC_tf7rXlWGowcqr5cWf8SLIliCz6G6N/s1600/0.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5w4CK_TX9R_4BkIxW_46pcFEGRO2A45gSRpHJPPhmB4pKsjfXLcglCZp1Ke8KyGU0PC41BkpeKXAvZRVHfvFTjKPPuK6spSvBvjbRrBHTnt7anC_tf7rXlWGowcqr5cWf8SLIliCz6G6N/s1600/0.jpg" height="240" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
Another possible cause for exposure could come from the animal’s
environment. If the home is heavily infested with fleas, or if the
homeowner resides near a wildlife habitat, where the animal is exposed
to rodents, this could put the animal at a higher risk of contracting
the plague. Garbage, woodpiles,<br />
and food sources can also be outlets. <br />
<br />
<br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b><u>DANGER TO NATIVE SPECIES </u></b></span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b><u><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1Kf7-jEu-hGwkNGMnWnd9f0npPNKbbBSr8uV2WRgT-43bN4YuaUeUkLf6EEAz5-lPslQ_wyve0bvysaasiZaMXEh8t9Hto6wW-z2dP8q7wTJzm4FfC8zEAdQmyZZNjFMtSNwfXRsMCGqd/s1600/548571_614706188545499_2117802648_n.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1Kf7-jEu-hGwkNGMnWnd9f0npPNKbbBSr8uV2WRgT-43bN4YuaUeUkLf6EEAz5-lPslQ_wyve0bvysaasiZaMXEh8t9Hto6wW-z2dP8q7wTJzm4FfC8zEAdQmyZZNjFMtSNwfXRsMCGqd/s1600/548571_614706188545499_2117802648_n.png" height="320" width="320" /></a></u></b></span></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjTLCDxn_kGGsVFlhm3dxadg3MT4uJqCllEMf6LY-TohZ4P4W0Lv-LOvMGzFILuzxeWec6_q32JU8V3jwU0CYFDnEIWrM1B8ZFRpldcg5HRHF_ansWIrkHnWh_f0uxHSDmC722X5OKKv0Ik/s1600/10413297_443898049091937_137174020408084772_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjTLCDxn_kGGsVFlhm3dxadg3MT4uJqCllEMf6LY-TohZ4P4W0Lv-LOvMGzFILuzxeWec6_q32JU8V3jwU0CYFDnEIWrM1B8ZFRpldcg5HRHF_ansWIrkHnWh_f0uxHSDmC722X5OKKv0Ik/s1600/10413297_443898049091937_137174020408084772_n.jpg" height="213" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>New Zealand Jewelled Gecko</b></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><u><br /></u></b></span>
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><u><br /></u></b></span>
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><u><br /></u></b></span>
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><u><br /></u></b></span>
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><u><br /></u></b></span>
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><u><br /></u></b></span>
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><u><br /></u></b></span>
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><u><br /></u></b></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiS_4fjZM3Axh1ErHQvPDS-JPB7rrsFVEJfd_VfIqWFekbJcx-hftBNHNsAWZKI9R3wmDavK7R7b3c8J1V979usPO2SUig-kroYNukEKpungXmYqQcV7knySkIKl5iLtTzVw29ds0krsLem/s1600/dissections_John+Read+2013.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiS_4fjZM3Axh1ErHQvPDS-JPB7rrsFVEJfd_VfIqWFekbJcx-hftBNHNsAWZKI9R3wmDavK7R7b3c8J1V979usPO2SUig-kroYNukEKpungXmYqQcV7knySkIKl5iLtTzVw29ds0krsLem/s1600/dissections_John+Read+2013.jpg" height="240" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>Stomach Contents</b></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-size: small;"></span><br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: small;">It is disastrous to native wildlife, private a<span class="text_exposed_show">nd
public property, playgrounds, and it is a vector for some very lethal
disease transmissions to humans, to native wild cat populations and even
extends to otters and porpoises--yes, otters and porpoises. <b> </b></span></span><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
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<br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span class="text_exposed_show"><b>>>>>>>>>> 33 species
have been rendered extinct by free-roaming and feral cats.</b></span></span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEio4-CI9SbG8Qsj9gvDFJldZH6TmZKiWaznwtquKkvuEusVQ-51Eh-iix4Th5Y02fw5WBwetWoByzf0kHtSgMeP_FSx07A9DeWWzJOK1cqtoqF5zew2Cap846RlmIRHtAMB7MdbjqTxPQgd/s1600/article-2270390-173DC3E0000005DC-0_634x399.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEio4-CI9SbG8Qsj9gvDFJldZH6TmZKiWaznwtquKkvuEusVQ-51Eh-iix4Th5Y02fw5WBwetWoByzf0kHtSgMeP_FSx07A9DeWWzJOK1cqtoqF5zew2Cap846RlmIRHtAMB7MdbjqTxPQgd/s1600/article-2270390-173DC3E0000005DC-0_634x399.jpg" height="201" width="320" /></a></div>
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<u><br /></u><span style="font-size: small;"><u><b>RECOMMENDATIONS FOR RESOURCE MANAGERS REGARDING FERAL CATS</b></u></span><br />
A 5 State Review from: New York, New Jersey, Florida, California and Hawaii:<br />
<br />
Federal and state wildlife biologists provide the first line of defense in protecting rare birds from predators, including cats. However, their ability to protect rare birds is often hampered by inadequate funding and unwillingness by some staff to deal with potentially controversial issues such as predator control. The following recommendations may be helpful to resource managers.<br />
<br />
•Identify predator threats at specific sites, including the use of nighttime monitoring.<br />
<br />
•Increase efforts to trap and remove predators or undertake additional predator management where<br />
warranted.<br />
<br />
•Increase predator removal measures where closures and/or electric fence are not effective or feasible.<br />
<br />
•Conduct public outreach efforts to reduce detrimental human activities near nesting birds, including the distribution of informational brochures, such as ABC’s “Keeping Cats Indoors Isn’t Just For The Birds,” placement of interpretive signs at nesting sites, informal on-site contact with the public, formal group presentations, and staffing of informational booths at local events and festivals.<br />
<br />
•Coordinate management efforts, such as permanent feline predator removal, with municipalities and other landowners.<br />
<br />
•Encourage municipalities to adopt ordinances or other measures to help reduce predator activity,<br />
including bans on feeding of domestic or wild animals, and a prohibition of TNR programs.<br />
<br />
•If managed cat colonies are threatening local wildlife populations, work with cat advocates to develop a plan and a timetable for permanent removal of those cats.<br />
<br />
•Conduct research on developing more effective predator control measures.<br />
<br />
•Increase state and federal funding requests for predator management. <br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvqU-YTd9hosoPbMJyESLo6Sypt8Dvf8sY9rH1FaDTHyIyZ_xv4ufLsq5jyEgo2j2-mPDQTH7rYq-cZH069XQ-eNygLqrpL-gmrIa_9JT7cWiPB6n9zvvd6epWMveMXiXW9GUNfcaC7728/s1600/mini-IMG_7171.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvqU-YTd9hosoPbMJyESLo6Sypt8Dvf8sY9rH1FaDTHyIyZ_xv4ufLsq5jyEgo2j2-mPDQTH7rYq-cZH069XQ-eNygLqrpL-gmrIa_9JT7cWiPB6n9zvvd6epWMveMXiXW9GUNfcaC7728/s1600/mini-IMG_7171.jpg" height="213" width="320" /></a><span style="font-size: small;"><span class="text_exposed_show"><u><b><span style="font-size: large;">DANGER TO CATS </span></b></u></span></span><br />
•Other cats<br />
•Deadly plants<br />
<span style="font-size: small;">•Mean spirited people </span>
<br />
<span style="font-size: small;">•Birds of Prey</span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;">•Coyote</span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;">•Automobiles</span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;">•Disease transmission at feeding stations</span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;">-rabies, feline leukemia, tularemia, </span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;">-bubonic plague, calicivirus, rhino, -toxoplasmosis, toxocariosis and many other.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;">•Large reptiles, alligators, snakes.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;">•Warm/Cold weather injuries</span><br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-KBrm9vUqTJPRcE2H1sWkRJjxe6-qo_-kE3_KT4ASe-otmsd9cJP3zY2AC4qk8XtKohl-xvZzklfbB9CEKkHWikA2ku6qTs071MqLwGlVJrykSm_21fyW0z6XZCS9ZMbu6djSMfucx8MV/s1600/1555493_768953476466954_2009808489_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-KBrm9vUqTJPRcE2H1sWkRJjxe6-qo_-kE3_KT4ASe-otmsd9cJP3zY2AC4qk8XtKohl-xvZzklfbB9CEKkHWikA2ku6qTs071MqLwGlVJrykSm_21fyW0z6XZCS9ZMbu6djSMfucx8MV/s1600/1555493_768953476466954_2009808489_n.jpg" height="241" width="320" /></a></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrVbaHpBBBxARNpTNR3dPqCrGaNQWdIffVkrbpsDyKzGmTpzHa6eBcq3cZrrmdirdtGnh1gARi8SfBnK7Sd1UJ9jyvvBS4oCGizgXdWpc97l0wxaF8BRTze_kyKt6iAV66olC9wenSkqiH/s1600/1513655_279477075534036_2008657993_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrVbaHpBBBxARNpTNR3dPqCrGaNQWdIffVkrbpsDyKzGmTpzHa6eBcq3cZrrmdirdtGnh1gARi8SfBnK7Sd1UJ9jyvvBS4oCGizgXdWpc97l0wxaF8BRTze_kyKt6iAV66olC9wenSkqiH/s1600/1513655_279477075534036_2008657993_n.jpg" height="320" width="237" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>Timm's Traps</b></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
Feral cats who have been trapped in many warm areas where fleas exist are usually found to have a large number of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flea" title="Flea">fleas</a>,
making them anemic. Both the fleas, and the food source, if limited to
garbage and rodents, cause the cats to have intestinal microorganisms
(such as <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccidia" title="Coccidia">coccidia</a> or <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giardia" title="Giardia">giardia</a>) and other parasites (commonly known as <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roundworm" title="Roundworm">roundworms</a>, <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tapeworm" title="Tapeworm">tapeworms</a>, and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hookworm" title="Hookworm">hookworms</a>), which lead to diarrhea and subsequent dehydration. They also can have <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ear_mite" title="Ear mite">ear mites</a>, <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ringworm" title="Ringworm">ringworm</a>,
and upper respiratory infections.<br />
<br />
Others are wounded in mating-fights
and die from the infected wounds. Still others eventually contract
feline immunodeficiency virus or feline leukemia due to the constant
transmission of blood and bodily fluids via fighting and sexual
activity.<br />
<br />
While all of these illnesses are quite treatable, human intervention is necessary to prevent them from becoming fatal. Municipal monies are often tapped to sustain these programs.<br />
<br />
<i><u><b>California's Department of Game and Fish:</b></u></i><br />
<br />
<b>"Finding the Best Solution:</b><br />
<br />
<b>
</b><b>The most important step to solving the feral cat problem is
education. People need to understand that, although it seems the most
directly helpful, feeding stray or feral cats--like feeding city
pigeons--perpetuates a problem. Where there is a food source, there will
be feral cats and the suffering and discomfort that accompanies them.
People need to be taught to use humane traps and to know that the most
helpful thing they can do is catch feral cats, if they can, and take
them to a shelter to be adopted, if possible, or euthanized. </b><br />
<br />
<b>Finally,
the connection between spaying and neutering and the feral cat problem
needs to be emphatically stressed. </b><br />
<br />
<b>
</b><b>Many will argue that life for the cats, no matter how brief,
traumatic, or difficult, is preferable to humane death. To this, Ellen
Kowalski comments: "Those who believe euthanasia is cruel should
consider that the only difference between euthanasia and abandonment
[what she calls the neuter-and-release method] is that euthanasia is
merciful and quick, and abandonment is slow and painful. The end result
is the same--death." </b><br />
<br />
<b>
</b><b>Cats do not belong on the fringe. They belong inside the circle
of humans, who have domesticated them. Human companionship and care are
as essential to them as food and water. It may be too late for the many
feral cats who already lead lives masquerading as wild animals. But it
is the responsibility of all involved in community animal protection to
help ensure that no others have to endure this tragic life on the
outskirts" </b><br />
<br />
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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi19nT5yVnATCO-23Jy1zuXbfnj1uMh6yiI2kMlgerlnCqveeOjRAZtan7Qp_JgAt6q86G1GAgUo0lhOsjOTkkBlT5_mywAWz2y-WAzxpmStiEaq5HmMYBRZ4jgu7EmpE5_YNvQfLR2xvLw/s1600/10917045_10203351496927742_590917526693644954_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi19nT5yVnATCO-23Jy1zuXbfnj1uMh6yiI2kMlgerlnCqveeOjRAZtan7Qp_JgAt6q86G1GAgUo0lhOsjOTkkBlT5_mywAWz2y-WAzxpmStiEaq5HmMYBRZ4jgu7EmpE5_YNvQfLR2xvLw/s1600/10917045_10203351496927742_590917526693644954_n.jpg" height="320" width="213" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>Birds of Prey</b></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i> </i></span></span></span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFOyrViNn0OjzZA0Z8oj0wupjdyZCtZiebCGwOUWyoSRRQFoR0Xt4WvYDHqGmmwOLFucCZNpldQWmYYQh8vzBsqiunQg_F6Da7995mlv7FToDUELs94VBiS6JvjaEj6hnAsQ4ECfPcJVAV/s1600/10945857_450587068423035_6080074308005705402_o.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFOyrViNn0OjzZA0Z8oj0wupjdyZCtZiebCGwOUWyoSRRQFoR0Xt4WvYDHqGmmwOLFucCZNpldQWmYYQh8vzBsqiunQg_F6Da7995mlv7FToDUELs94VBiS6JvjaEj6hnAsQ4ECfPcJVAV/s1600/10945857_450587068423035_6080074308005705402_o.jpg" height="320" width="250" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b><i>Snakes</i></b></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</i></span> </span></span>Jerry L. Tuttlehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18164285154095299356noreply@blogger.com9